The vaccination process to suppress the spread of Covid-19 has begun with President Joko Widodo as the first person to receive the corona vaccine. Currently, the vaccines distributed in Indonesia are Sinovac, Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Moderna, and Pfizer. To be able to get it, there are conditions for the recipient of the vaccine that must be met. Various countries, including Indonesia, have developed a vaccine Covid-19 ideal through various platforms namely vaccine inactivation (inactivated virus vaccines), the vaccine virus is attenuated (live attenuated) vaccine virus vector vaccine nucleic acids, vaccines such as viruses (virus-like vaccine ), and protein subunit vaccines.
These are the requirements for the recipient of the Covid-19 vaccine
Pay attention to the requirements for the recipient of the Covid-19 vaccine
To be vaccinated, there are several conditions that need to be met at the time of injection, including a healthy body condition and having undergone a history examination of certain diseases or medical disorders that are being suffered.
1. Requirements for Sinovac vaccine recipients
According to the latest recommendations as of March 18, 2021 from the Association of Indonesian Internal Medicine Specialists (PAPDI) as well as an appeal from the Covid-19 Handling Task Force, the following are the conditions for people who may and should not receive the Covid-19 vaccine.
People who can receive Sinovac vaccine
- 12 years and over
- Not having a fever (≥ 37.5°C). If you have a fever, the vaccination is postponed until you recover and it is proven that you do not have COVID-19. Re-screening will be done at the next visit.
- Blood pressure less than 180/110 mmHg (with or without medication)
- Do not have a history of severe allergies to the Covid-19 vaccine or the ingredients used in the vaccine
- Patients with a history of food, drug allergies , allergic rhinitis , urticaria, and atopic dermatitis may receive the Sinovac vaccine.
- HIV patients with CD4 count > 200 cells/mm3 with good clinical and no opportunistic infections
- Diabetic patient with controlled condition
- Covid-19 survivors who have recovered for at least 3 months
- Breastfeeding mothers (after anamnesis or additional medical history examinations)
- People with autoimmune diseases who have been declared stable by doctors
- Asthma patients with controlled condition
- Controlled chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients
- Patients with arrhythmias, heart failure and coronary heart disease who are stable and not in acute condition
- Obese patients with no history of severe comorbid disease
- Patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism who are clinically stable
- Cancer patients who have received approval from the treating specialist
- Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) who are in good condition and not in acute condition
- Non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients whose condition is stable
- Dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients whose condition is stable and has received approval from the treating specialist
- Patients with liver disease who have received approval from the treating specialist. As liver disease progresses in the body, vaccines can lose their effectiveness, so doctors need to consider when assessing the best time to receive the vaccine
- Pregnant women, especially those who live in areas with a high risk of Covid-19 transmission. The administration of the first vaccine begins in the second trimester and the second vaccine is adjusted according to the vaccine administration interval according to the brand.
People who should not receive Sinovac vaccine
- Have experienced allergic reactions in the form of anaphylaxis and severe allergic reactions due to the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine or due to the same components as those contained in the COVID-19 vaccine.
- Individuals who are experiencing acute infection. If the infection has been resolved, the COVID-19 vaccination can be carried out. In TB infection, OAT treatment needs at least 2 weeks to be eligible for vaccination.
- Individuals with primary immunodeficiency disease.
- Kidney transplant recipient patients who are in a state of rejection or are still taking induction doses of immunosuppressants
- Patients with acute Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) who are experiencing symptoms of bloody stools, weight loss, fever, and decreased appetite (vaccination should be postponed)
2. Requirements for Moderna vaccine recipients
The following are the requirements for the recipient of the Covid-19 vaccine from Moderna.
People who can receive the Moderna vaccine
The Moderna vaccine can be given to individuals over the age of 18. Until now there has been no permission and research on administering the Moderna vaccine for children aged 17 years and under. When you will receive the Moderna vaccine, tell the staff if you have the following conditions:
- Have a history of allergies
- Having a fever
- Have a bleeding disorder or are taking blood thinners
- Have a history of immune disorders or are taking drugs that affect the work of the immune system
- Are pregnant or planning to become pregnant
- Breastfeeding
- Have you ever received a Covid-19 vaccine before?
- Have a history of myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) or pericarditis (inflammation of the lining that covers the outside of the heart)
People who should not receive the Moderna vaccine
The following is a list of people who should not receive the Moderna vaccine:
- Have ever experienced an allergy to any raw material contained in the mRNA vaccine
- Ever experienced allergies after receiving the first injection of Moderna vaccine
- Have a history of severe allergies that require medical treatment using epinephrine
3. Requirements for Pfizer vaccine recipients
The following are the requirements for receiving the Pfizer vaccine.
People who can receive the Pfizer vaccine
Pfizer vaccine can be given to people aged 12 years and over, including people with a history of diseases such as:
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- Asthma
- Lung disorders
- Liver or kidney disease
- Chronic infection
Vaccination can be given as long as the disease condition is controlled or stable. To find out if your condition is stable or not, consult a doctor. You also need to tell your doctor or vaccinator before the vaccine is given if you experience the conditions below.
- Allergies, including to drugs and food
- Fever
- Have a history of blood clotting disorders or are taking blood thinning drugs
- Have a history of immune disorders or are taking drugs that can affect the body’s immune condition
- Are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding
- Have you received another type of Covid-19 vaccine?
People who should not receive the Pfizer vaccine
The following is a list of people who should not receive the Pfizer vaccine.
- Have ever experienced an allergy to any raw material contained in the mRNA vaccine
- Have experienced allergies after receiving the first Pfizer vaccine injection
- Have a history of severe allergies that require medical treatment using epinephrine
4. Requirements for receiving AstraZeneca vaccine
The following are the requirements for people who can receive the AstraZeneca vaccine .
People who can receive the AstraZeneca vaccine
- People aged 18 years and over
- Have a chronic congenital or comorbid disease that is under control or has received approval from the treating physician.
- Covid-19 survivors who have been declared cured for at least 6 months
People who should not receive the AstraZeneca vaccine
- Had anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction) to a previous dose
- Experiencing anaphylaxis after exposure to any component of the COVID-19 vaccine
- Pregnant and lactating mothers, because they are still waiting for further approval from experts. In the future, it is possible that this vaccine can be given to these two groups.
5. Requirements for the recipient of the Sinopharm vaccine
The following are the requirements for people who may receive the Sinopharm vaccine in general according to WHO :
People who can receive the Sinopharm . vaccine
• Over 18 years old
• People with comorbid conditions who have received doctor’s approval
• Covid survivors who have recovered for at least 6 months
People who should not receive the Sinopharm . vaccine
• Individuals who have had a severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis to any component of the Sinopharm vaccine
• People who have a fever with a temperature above 38.5ºC
Children aged 12 years and over can be vaccinated against Covid-19
The vaccine, which is currently being tested in Indonesia, is only to be given to individuals over the age of 12. Therefore, the age group of children under that age has not been able to get the corona vaccine. Even so, it is possible that in the future this Covid-19 vaccine can be given to children under 12 years old, considering that until now research is still being carried out. While waiting for the corona vaccine to be given to children, parents should still try to protect their children from transmitting this disease. Because even though the risk of contracting it is lower than adults, children and even babies can also get Covid-19 . During the pandemic, parents are also advised not to forget to fulfill the recommended series of immunizations for children and infants such as BCG , polio, and hepatitis B vaccines .
Recommended dosage and schedule for the Covid-19 vaccine
Don’t miss the Covid-19 vaccine schedule
The following is a recommendation for the number of doses and schedule for giving the Covid-19 vaccine distributed in Indonesia.
1. Sinovac Vaccine
- Number of doses: 2 (0.5 ml per dose)
- Distance between doses: 28 days
2. Sinopharm Vaksin Vaccine
- Number of doses: 2 (0.5 ml per dose)
- Distance between doses: 21 days
3. AstraZeneca Vaccine
- Number of doses: 2 (0.5 ml per dose)
- Distance between doses: 12 weeks
4. Moderna Vaccine
- Number of doses: 2 (0.5 ml per dose)
- Distance between doses: 28 days
5. Pfizer Vaccine
- Number of doses: 2 (0.5 ml per dose)
- Distance between doses: 28 days
Stages of administering the Covid-19 vaccine
The Covid-19 vaccination is carried out in four stages in Indonesia, among others, by considering its availability. The priority group for vaccine recipients is a group of individuals aged 18 years and over. However, currently, groups of children aged at least 12 years can also receive vaccines, based on an emergency use authorization or EUA or the issuance of a distribution permit number (NIE) from the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM). The following are the four stages of distribution of the Covid-19 vaccine.
1. Phase one (January-April 2021)
The targets of this early stage of vaccination are health workers, assistant health workers, support personnel, and medical professional education students who are working in health care facilities.
2. Second stage (January-April 2021)
The recipients of the second stage of vaccination are elderly citizens aged 60 years and over, as well as public service officers. Public service officers include members of the TNI/Polri, law enforcement officers, and other public service officers at airports, ports, stations, terminals, banks, State Electricity Company (PLN), Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM), as well as other officers who directly involved in providing services to the community.
3. Third stage (April 2021-March 2022)
The group that includes the recipients of the third stage of the Covid-19 vaccine are people who are considered vulnerable, including from a social and economic perspective.
4. Fourth stage (April 2021-March 2022)
For the fourth stage, the target recipients are the community and other economic actors.